This Power Purchase Agreement (the “Agreement”) is effective [DATE],
BETWEEN: [FIRST PARTY FULL NAME] (the “Developer/Seller"), with its address located at:
[YOUR COMPLETE ADDRESS]
AND: [SECOND PARTY NAME] (the “Buyer"/“Utility”), with its address located at:
[COMPLETE ADDRESS]
WHEREAS the Developer agrees to complete construction and commissioning of its [name, description, location, and capacity or energy output of project] ("Project");
WHEREAS the Developer agrees to make available and to sell the Net Energy Output from the Project to the Utility; and
WHEREAS the Utility wishes to purchase the electrical energy generated by the Project, pursuant to the terms and conditions in this Agreement;
NOW THEREFORE, in consideration of the premises and of the mutual agreements contained in this Agreement, the Parties hereto agree as follows:
SALE
AND PURCHASE OF ENERGY
Sale
to Utility
Subject to, and in accordance with, the terms of this Agreement, the Developer shall make available and sell to the Utility, and the Utility shall purchase from the Developer (on a “take or pay” basis), the Net Energy Output of the Project, up to a maximum of [maximum output capacity or lesser contracted amount] plus or minus [variance allowance, based on manufacturer specifications] percent, beginning on the Commercial Operations Date.
As Available Energy Take
Upon and after the Commercial Operations Date, the Utility shall accept energy as available up to a maximum total energy equivalent of [Project or contracted maximum] kW per hour plus or minus five percent, provided that the Utility may accept energy above this level at its sole discretion.
Sale
to Developer
Subject to, and in accordance with, the terms of this Agreement, the Utility shall make available and sell to the Developer, and the Developer may purchase from the Utility, capacity and energy on the same basis as the Utility's then prevailing tariff for electricity sold to industrial customers.
Energy Price
The amount of the payments due from the Utility to the Developer for Net Energy Output from the Project shall be calculated in accordance with Schedule 2 (Calculation of Payments), using the Energy Price defined in that schedule. The payments shall be made at the times specified in Paragraph 3.2 (Billing and Payment).
TERM
Ini
tial Term
The initial term of this Agreement shall commence on the date of this Agreement and shall end [length of Agreement term] from the Commercial Operations Date, unless this Agreement is terminated earlier, pursuant to the provisions of this Agreement, allowing for termination in the event of a breach or default by either of the Parties ("Early Termination"). Any Early Termination of this Agreement shall be without prejudice to all rights and obligations of the Parties accrued under this Agreement prior to such termination.
Renewal Term
This Agreement may be extended by either Party for a single additional period of [agreed renewal term] years, on the terms defined by this Agreement, provided that:
The Party seeking an extension has made a prior written request to extend the
A
greement to the other Party, such request to be made not more than 36 months and not less than 24 months before the end of the initial term of this Agreement;
The Party receiving a request to extend the
A
greement has not rejected the request in a written response to the Party seeking an extension, given not more than 3 months following receipt of t
he request for extension; and
There is not an event of default of either
Party, as defined in Paragraphs
9
.2 (Developer Defaults) and
9
.3 (Utility Defaults), on the date the extension begins.
CURRENCY, PAYMENTS AND BILLING
Currency
All payments required pursuant to any provision of this Agreement (including provisions applicable in the event of any breach, default, or other failure of performance) shall be calculated and paid in [agreed currency].
Billing and Payment
Monthly Invoices
:
Within 25 days after the end of each month, each Party shall prepare and deliver to the other Party an invoice reflecting amounts payable by the other Party pursuant to this Agreement.
The
Developer's invoice to
the
Utility shall include calculations, in reasonable detail, of the a
mounts due
.
.
Calculation of Payments
:
The
Utility's invoice to
the
Developer shall include calculations in reasonable detail of the amounts owed to
the
Utility
,
with specific reference to applicable tariffs.
Special Invoices
:
If there is an event of default, breach, or other failure to perform for which this Agreement specifies payment of amounts as liquidated damages or otherwise, the Party to be compensated shall prepare and deliver to the other Party a special invoice that shows the calculation of any amounts due pursuant to this Agreement, specifies the provisions applied, and details the periods of delay or other factors on which the claim is based.
Electronic Funds Transfer
:
Each
P
arty shall pay the sums owed by wire transfer in immediately available funds within 21 days of receipt of each monthly invoice from the other Party. Payments for electrical energy provided by either Party to the other Party shall not be subject to any set-off. Each Party shall make payment by electronic transfer of funds to an account that is held and specified by the other Party. If electronic transfer of funds is not practicable or is not desired by the receiving Party, the Parties shall agree on specific alternative payment procedures.
Late Payments
:
Payments not made by the due date shall accrue daily interest at the greater of [specific daily interest rate or identifi
ed daily interest rate proxy]
or the maximum lawful rate. Any such charges for interest shall be calculated by the paying Party and included with payment of the invoice without the need for an additional invoice for those amounts.
Disputed Invoices
If either Party, on reasonable grounds, disputes any portion of a monthly invoice or the correctness of the amount received in payment of an invoice, then that Party shall, within 14 days of the receipt of such invoice or payment, serve a notice on the other Party indicating the amount and basis of the dispute. Neither Party shall be required to pay a disputed amount, pending resolution of the dispute. The dispute shall be settled by mutual discussion, and, if necessary, resolved pursuant to Paragraph 13 (Resolution of Disputes). If it is determined that either Party owes the other an amount of money, the owing Party shall, within seven (7) days after its receipt of such determination, pay such sum, together with interest, at a rate equal to [specific interest rate or identified interest rate proxy] to the other Party, in the manner specified for payment of the disputed invoice.
PRE-OPERATION OBLIGATIONS
Construction and Commissioning
The Developer shall undertake and be obligated (a) to complete construction of the Project and (b) to achieve successful completion of the required test operations prescribed in Schedule 3 (Testing and Commissioning) no later than the Required Commercial Operations Date. In the event that the Project does not successfully complete the required test operations prescribed in Schedule 3 (Testing and Commissioning) on or before the Required Commercial Operations Date, and the Utility is in full compliance with all its material obligations under this Agreement, then the Developer shall be liable to the Utility in an amount to be determined in accordance with the liquidated damages provisions of Schedule 2 (Calculation of Payments).
Permits and Licenses
The Developer, at its sole cost and expense, shall acquire and maintain in effect all permits, licenses and approvals required by all local agencies, commissions and authorities with jurisdiction over the Developer or the Project, so that the Developer may lawfully perform its obligations under this Agreement.
Credits, Grants, and Preferences
The Developer shall be responsible for applying for and obtaining any available and applicable tax credits, grants, loans or preferences from governmental or other institutions. The Utility shall cooperate with the Developer by providing requested documentation or other confirmation relating to the Project or to this Agreement.
INTERCONNECTION
Developer’s Responsibilities
In accordance with the requirements of Schedule 4 (Interconnection), the Developer shall design, construct, install, commission, operate and maintain the Interconnection Facilities, and any parts thereof, in accordance with the terms of this Agreement. The Developer shall design, construct, install, commission, own, operate and maintain all auxiliary and interconnecting equipment on the Developer's side of the Interconnection Point, provided that the Utility shall have the right to view such equipment and to object to the use of any equipment if, in the reasonable opinion of the Utility, the use of such equipment would adversely affect the Utility's Grid or system. The Developer's Interconnection Facilities shall be connected to the Utility's Grid by means of suitable switchgear and protective devices.
Utility’s Responsibilities
The Utility will use its best endeavour to assist the Developer in obtaining, in a timely manner and at a reasonable cost, all permits, permissions and way leaves necessary for the construction of any new transmission lines and associated equipment. Such assistance is not to be unreasonably withheld. The reasonable expenses of the Utility’s assistance shall be the responsibility of the Developer.
Required Transmission Lines
The Developer will be responsible for the design, construction, installation and commissioning of any new transmission lines (and associated switchgear and protective devices) needed to connect the Project to the Utility’s Grid. Upon completion and commissioning of any such transmission line and associated equipment, the Utility shall own, operate and maintain the line and associated equipment. However, the Utility shall reimburse the Developer a fair portion of the Developer’s capital contribution to construction of the new transmission line and associated equipment, if there is, subsequently, additional use of the line by others. The Utility shall obtain permission for such use by others from the Developer, which permission shall not be unreasonably withheld.
Access to Project
The Developer shall permit the Utility such access to the Project as the Utility shall require for the testing of Interconnection Facilities, and the Developer shall cooperate with the Utility in such testing, provided that no testing carried out by the Utility shall impose upon the Utility any liability, or relieve the Developer from any liability that it would otherwise have had for its negligence or other wrongful act in the design, construction, operation or maintenance of the Interconnection Facilities.
Lead Time
The Developer shall complete construction of the Interconnection Facilities and any required new transmission line and associated equipment at least 30 days prior to the Required Commercial Operations Date.
Protective Devices
Each Party shall provide the other Party, in advance, written notice of any changes to be made to the Project or to any facility on the Utility’s Grid that may affect the proper coordination of protective devices between the two systems. The Developer shall not disable or otherwise change or modify any protective equipment in its Interconnection Facilities or change or modify the operation or settings thereof without first requesting and receiving the written approval of the Utility, which approval shall not be unreasonably withheld. With reasonable notice to the Developer, the Utility may require the Developer to modify or to expand the protective devices by means of which the Project is connected to the Utility’s Grid. In such event, the Utility shall reimburse the Developer for the reasonable costs of such modification or expansion.
METERING
Ownership of Metering System
The Utility shall own, operate and maintain the Metering System used to acquire the performance measurements from which payments to the Developer, pursuant to this Agreement, are calculated. The Developer shall design, finance, construct, install, own, operate and maintain metering devices for backup purposes (the “Backup Metering System”). In both cases, the metering points shall be at the Utility’s Grid (high voltage) side of the Developer's transformer that connects the Project to the Utility’s Grid.
Testing and Inspection of Metering Equipment
Testing, inspection, repair, recalibration and replacement of the Metering System and of the backup metering equipment shall be performed by the Parties in accordance with the agreed operations and maintenance procedures detailed in Schedule 5 (Metering).
Measurement of Net Energy Output
Notice of
Reading
:
The
Utility shall read the Metering System for the purpose of measuring the Net Energy Output of the Project
,
after giving reasonable notice to the Developer. At its option,
the
Developer may be present when the meter is read.
The
Developer may request a test of the accuracy of the Metering System, at
the
Utility’s expense, [number] times per year.
The
Developer may have the Metering System tested at its own expense at any time.
Inaccurate Meters
:
In the event that the Metering System is found to be inaccurate or functioning improperly, the correct amount of Net Energy Output delivered to
the
Utility during the period for which inaccurate measurements were made shall be determined using the Backup Metering System or other procedures defined in Schedule 5 (Metering), as appropriate.
Payment Adjustments
:
The
Utility shall make a supplemental payment or issue a special invoice in the amount of the difference between the previous payments by
the
Utility for the period of the Metering System’s inaccuracy.
The
Utility’s payment or special invoice shall be delivered within
ten (
10
)
days of the determination of proper readings. Any such special invoice to
the
Developer shall be paid within
ten
(
10
)
days of receipt. In no event, however, shall any adjustments be made for any period prior to the date on which the Metering System was last tested and found to be accurate within plus or minus 0.5
%
and not otherwise functioning improperly.
OPERATIONS AND MAINTENANCE
Operating Standards
During the term of this Agreement, the Developer shall operate and maintain the Project in accordance with the technical specifications and requirements set out in Schedule 6 (Technical Specifications).
Operation by the Developer
During the term of this Agreement, beginning on the Commercial Operations Date, the Developer shall keep the Utility’s designated control center, from which the Utility will interface with the Project for operational purposes, informed as to the capacity of electrical energy available at the Project and shall immediately advise the designated control center of any change in this capacity.
Outages
Project Performance
:
The
Developer shall be afforded adequate Scheduled and Forced
Outage provisions
to facilitate necessary maintenance to the Project, provided that the average annual Net Energy Output from the facility during any five (5) year period shall not be less than [amount that takes account of planned maintenance] MWh.
Scheduled Outages
:
The
Developer shall use its best efforts to advise
the
Utility, in writing, of its Scheduled Outages no less than
seven (
7
)
months prior to each such outage. At least
sixty (
60
)
days prior to the Required Commercial Operations Date,
the
Developer shall submit to
the
Utility its desired Scheduled Outage periods for the first twelve
(12)
months.
Thereafter, by July 1 of each calendar year, the Developer shall submit to
the
Utility its desired schedule of Scheduled Outage periods for the following calendar year.
Forced Outages
:
The
Developer shall use its reasonable efforts to limit Forced Outages.
The
Developer shall be afforded Forced Outage provisions (including in the average annual Net Energy Output requirement of Paragraph 8.3.1) to facilitate
E
mergency maintenance of the Project when the circumstances warrant.
Emergencies
Emergency Plans
:
Three
(3)
months prior to the Commercial Operations Date,
the
Utility and
the
Developer shall jointly establish plans for operating the Project during an Emergency affecting
the
Developer or
the
Utility. Such plans shall include, without limitation, recovery from a local or widespread electrical blackout and voltage reduction to effect load curtailment.
Outage
d
uring Emergency
:
During an Emergency,
the
Developer shall supply such energy as it is able to generate within the Technical Specifications of Schedule 6. If the Project has a Scheduled Outage or a Forced Outage
,
and such outage occurs or would occur coincident with an Emergency, for purposes of this Agreement
,
the Emergency shall be considered part of the Scheduled Outage or Forced Outage and
the
Developer shall use all reasonable efforts to expedite completion of the work to restore power supply as soon as possible.
Cessation of Operation
Abandonment: If, after the Commercial Operations Date,
the
Developer, other than because of an event of Force Majeure, a Scheduled Outage or a Forced Outage (which Scheduled Outage or Forced Outage does not cause the Developer to exceed the maximum outage allowed under the requirements of Paragraph 7.3.1 Project Performance
,
above), allows Abandonment of the Project without the prior written consent of
the
Utility, then
the
Utility shall be entitled to enter the site
,
and, in consultation with the Operating Committee established pursuant to Paragraph 7.6 (Operating Personnel) and Schedule 7 (Operating Committee), appoint a manager of suitable competence to manage and operate the Project, subject to the Technical Specifications of Schedule 6, and in accordance with Prudent Utility Practice
,
until
the
Developer demonstrates
,
to the reasonable satisfaction of
the
Utility
,
that it can and will resume normal operations of the Project. During any period that
the
Utility operates the Project pursuant to this
p
aragraph,
the
Utility shall be entitled to receive only such consideration as is reasonable
:
(a) to pay the manager, at a level commensurate with industry standards; and (b) to reimburse
the
Utility for its reasonable and prudently incurred administrative, operational and other expenses, during and arising from its operation of the Project.
The
Utility shall render a full accounting to
the
Developer at regular intervals during the period of its operation of the Project pursuant to this
p
aragraph, and at the close of its management.
The
Utility shall continue to make payments for Net Energy Output in accordance with Paragraph
1
(
Sale
and Purchase of Energy) and Schedul
e 2 (Calculation of Payments).
Liability
d
uring Operations
:
During its operation of the Project
,
in accordance with the provisions of Paragraph 7.5.1 above,
the
Utility shall not be liable for any damage to the Project or any part thereof or for any damage or loss suffered by the Developer or third party, except where such damage or loss is caused by the gross negligence or the deliberate action or inaction of
the
Utility.
Operating Personnel
Operating Committee
:
The Parties shall establish an Operating Committee composed of
(____)
members.
The
Developer and
the
Utility shall each appoint an equal number of the members, and the members shall appoint the Chairman of the Operating Committee
.
The obligations and responsibilities of the Operating Committee and the rules governing meetings of the Operating Committee shall be as set forth in Schedule
7
.
Qualifications and Coverage
:
For the purposes of (a) operating and monitoring the Project
,
and (b) coordinating operations of the Project with the
Utility
’s
G
rid,
the
Developer shall employ, directly or indirectly, only personnel who are qualified and experienced.
The
Developer shall ensure that the Project is being monitored by such personnel, remotely or otherwise,
always
, 24 hours each day and 7 days each week
,
commencing 14 days prior to the Commercial Operations Date.
O&M Contractor
:
The
Developer may appoint an Operation
s
and Maintenance ("O&M") Contractor to operate and maintain the Project throughout the term of this Agreement.
The
Developer shall submit such appointment and the appointment of any successor O&M Contractor to
the
Utility for its prior written approval, which approval shall not be unrea
sonably withheld or delayed. No
such appointment nor the approval thereof by
the
Utility, however, shall relieve
the
Developer of any liability, obligation, or responsibility resulting from a breach of this Agreement.
Inspection and Records
Utility Inspections
:
The
Utility shall have the right to visit, observe and examine the Project and the operation thereof, upon reasonable advance notice to
the
Developer, for the purpose of facilitating the technical operation and administration of this Agreement. Such visits and observations shall not be construed as an endorsement by
the
Utility of the design or operation of the Project
,
nor as a warranty by
the
Utility of the safety, durability or reliability of the Project
,
and shall not relieve
the
Developer of any of its responsibilities under this Agreement.
Developer and Utility Records
:
Each Party shall keep complete and accurate records and other data required by each of them for the purposes of proper administration of this Agreement. Among other records and data,
the
Developer shall maintain an accurate and up-to-date operating log for the Project, which log shall include (without limitation) records of:
r
eal and
r
eactive
p
ower production for each clock half-hour, and electrical energy frequency and interconnection bus voltage at all times;
c
hanges in operating status, Scheduled Outages, and Forced Outages;
a
ny unusual conditions found during inspections; and
a
ny other items as mutually agreed upon by the Parties.
Copies of Records
:
Either Party shall have the right, upon reasonable prior written notice to the other Party, to examine or to make copies of the records and data of the other Party relating to the proper administration of this Agreement, at any time during normal office hours during the period such records and data are required to be maintained. All such records or data shall be maintained for a minimum of
sixty
(
6
)
0 calendar months after their creation, and for any additional length of time required by regulatory agencies with jurisdiction over the Parties. Upon expiration of such period, neither Party shall dispose of or destroy any such records without
thirty (
30
)
days
’
prior written notice to the other Party, and the Party receiving such notice may, at its option, elect to receive such records, in lieu of their disposal or destruction, by giving the notifying Party notice of its election at least
ten
(
10
)
days prior to the expiration of the 30
day period.
MUTUAL WARRANTIES AND COVENANTS OF THE PARTIES
Warranties
Each Party warrants to the other that:
It is duly formed, validly existing and in good standing under the laws of [country of Developer entity] and is qualified to do business in [country where
the
Project is located] and has complied with all applicable laws;
It has full power to carry on business and to enter into, legally bind itself by, and perform its obligations under this Agreement;
The signatories to this Agreement on its behalf are duly authorised and competent to execute and deliver this Agreement as being valid and legally binding on it;
The execution, delivery, and performance of this Agreement, subject to the granting and maintenance of the Relevant Consents, does not, and will not, constitute a violation of any legal or contractual constraint validly applied to
the
Developer
;
There are, to the best of its knowledge, no existing or threatened legal, contractual, or financial matters of any kind that could reasonably be expected to affect materially either its ability to perform its obligations under this Agreement or the enforceability of this Agreement; and
No information given by it in relation to this Agreement contains any material misstatement of fact or omits to state a fact that would be materially adverse to the enforcement of the rights and remedies of the other Party.
Developer Covenants
The Developer hereby covenants as follows:
Unless otherwise stated in this Agreement, the Developer shall design, finance, construct, own, operate and maintain the Project or any part thereof in accordance with this Agreement and its applicable
s
chedules, and all laws, rules, regulations and ordinances that are enforceable or binding upon
the
Developer
.
The
Developer shall successfully complete the test operations required or the Project on or before the Required Commercial Operations Date;
In addition to the Technical Specifications of Schedule
6
,
the
Developer shall operate and maintain the Project in such a manner so as not to have an adverse effect on
the
Utility voltage level and/or voltage waveform, power factor and frequency
,
or produce adverse levels of voltage flicker and/or voltage harmonics
;
In addition to the Technical Specifications of Schedule
6
,
the
Developer shall at all times cause the Project to be operated and maintained consistent with Prudent Utility Practice;
The
Developer shall
,
in accordance with the Technical Specifications of Schedule
6
,
install protective relays within the Project
,
having ratings and characteristics approved by
the
Utility. Such approval shall not constitute
for the
Utility any warranty or representation and shall not operate to increase the liability of
the
Utility with respect to third parties. In addition to the Technical Specifications of Schedule
6
,
the
Developer shall maintain the settings of all such relays at levels reasonably acceptable to
the
Utility.
The
Developer shall not change the settings of such relays without prior written consent of
the
Utility, which consent shall not be unreasonably withheld or delayed
;
The
Developer shall notify
the
Utility in writing of all apparatus that is from time to time included in
the
Developer's Project installations and that is likely to cause undue disturbance of
the
Utility's system. Such apparatus shall be utilised only with the approval of, and as specified by,
the
Utility, in writing. Such approval shall not constitute
for the
Utility any warranty or representation and shall not operate to increase the liability of
the
Utility with respect to third parties
;
Where approval is granted pursuant to Paragraph 8.2.6 above,
the
Developer shall use all reasonable efforts to prevent any apparatus being utilised in such a manner as to cause any undue disturbance of
the
Utility'
s
system. If
the
Utility finds that any such apparatus is being utilised in a manner that causes such disturbance,
the
Developer shall, upon receiving notice of such finding from
the
Utility, immediately cease to so
utilize
such apparatus until steps have been taken to the reasonable satisfaction of
the
Utility to eliminate such disturbance; alternatively,
the
Developer shall replace such apparatus by other apparatus approved by
the
Utility. In cases of
E
mergency, oral notice will suffice for the purposes of this
p
aragraph, provided that such oral notice shall be confirmed in writing within 48 hours of being given to
the
Developer.
Utility Covenants
The
Utility covenants to make the payments for Net Energy Output as required by this Agreement as they become due
,
without set
-
off against the amounts pursuant to Schedule
2
for delivered electrical energy.
Where
the
Utility must approve or
the
Utility and
the
Developer jointly must establish specifications for connections of the Project and related apparatus,
the
Utility covenants to act reasonably in so doing, with the objective of coordinating
the
Project and
the
Utility’s Grid operations so as to maximize
the
Project Net Energy Output.
DEFAULTS AND TERMINATION
Time
Where the Parties or a Party is required to perform any act or to fulfill an obligation under this Agreement within a specified time, and for any reason that said Party cannot perform within the time stated, then that Party may request an extension of the time for performance. The non-requesting Party shall give such requests for extensions of time due and reasonable consideration and shall not unreasonably deny a request, but the non-requesting Party may grant such a request on terms and conditions as to future performance.
Developer Defaults
The Utility may give a notice of default under this Agreement (a "Utility Notice of Default") upon the occurrence of any of the following events, unless caused by a breach by the Utility of this Agreement (each a "Developer Event of Default"):
a
bandonment of construction of the Project by the Developer after the commencement of
c
onstruction, without the written consent of
the
Utility
;
f
ailure of
the
Developer to achieve the requirements for the Commercial Operations Date within
one (
1
)
calendar year after the Required Commercial Operations Date. Unless, prior to the expiration of such 1-year period,
the
Utility and Developer agree on the length, and terms and conditions of an extension of the Required Commercial Operations Date, at the expiration of the initial
1-year
period
, the
Utility shall either declare a default or waive its right to declare a default pursuant to this
p
aragraph.
The
Utility may waive its right to demand payment of the liquidated damages
,
determined in accordance with the liquidated damages provisions of Schedule
2
(Calculation of Payments)
;
w
illful alteration of or tampering by
the
Developer or its employees or agents with the Interconnection Facilities without the prior written consent of
the
Utility, except in situations where such actions are taken to prevent immediate injury, death, or property damage and the Developer uses its best efforts to provide
the
Utility with advance notice of the need for such actions
;
a
bandonment of operation of the Project by the Developer after the Commercial Operations Date, without the written consent of
the
Utility
;
f
ailure by
the
Developer to make any payment required to be made by it under this Agreement on the due date for the payment where the aggregate unpaid and past due amounts exceed
[agreed amount]
;
Except when taken for the purpose of merger or reorganization (provided that such merger or reorganization does not affect the ability of the merged or reorganized entity to perform its obligations under this Agreement), the occurrence of any of the following events:
passage of a resolution by the shareholders of
the
Developer for the winding up of
the
Developer;
admission in writing by
the
Developer of its inability generally to pay its debts as they become due;
appointment of a Liquidator in a proceeding for the winding up of
the
Developer after notice to
the
Developer and due hearing; or
a court order to wind up
the
Developer; or
a
ny material breach by
the
Developer of any representation, warranty or covenant in this Agreement.
Utility Defaults
The Developer may give a notice of default under this Agreement (a "Developer Notice of Default") upon the occurrence of any of the following events, unless caused by a breach by the Developer of this Agreement (each a "Utility Event of Default").
The occurrence of any of the following events, except where done for the purpose of merger or reorganization that does not affect the ability of the merged or reorganized entity, as the case may be, to perform its obligations under this Agreement:
passage of a resolution by the shareholders of
the
Utility for the winding up of
the
Utility;
admission in writing by
the
Utility of its inability generally to pay its debts as they
become due;
appointment of a Liquidator in a proceeding for the winding up of
the
Utility, after notice to
the
Utility and due hearing; or
a court order winding up
the
Utility;
w
illful alteration of or tampering by
the
Utility or its employees or agents with the Project or Interconnection Facilities without the prior written consent of
the
Developer, except in situations where such actions are taken to prevent immediate injury, death, or property damage and
the
Utility uses its best efforts to provide Developer with advance notice of the need for such actions; or
a
ny material breach by
the
Utility of any representation, warranty or covenant in this Agreement.
Notice and Cure
A Utility Notice of Default or a Developer Notice of Default shall specify in reasonable detail the Developer Event of Default or Utility Event of Default, respectively, giving rise to the Notice of Default. In the case of a default set forth in Paragraphs 9.2.2, 9.2.4, or 9.2.5, the defaulting Party shall have five (5) working days (i.e., non-holiday weekdays) within which to cure the default. In the case of a default defined in any other subparagraph of Paragraphs 9.2 and 9.3, the defaulting Party shall have thirty (30) calendar days to cure the default.
Rights and Remedies Upon an Event of Default
Developer Default:
If a Developer Event of Default has occurred and the Developer Event of Default has not been cured within the period specified in Paragraph
9
.
4
,
the
Utility, in its sole discretion, may take any or all of the following actions:
terminate this Agreement by delivering written notice to the Developer (Utility
Termination Notice)
;
or
proceed in accordance with Paragraph 1
3
(Resolution of Disputes) to protect and enforce its rights and to recover any damages to which it may be entitled, including all costs and expenses reasonably incurred in the exercise of its remedy
;
or
at its election, take such steps as are reasonably necessary to cure the default before so proceeding.
Utility Default
:
If a Utility Event of Default has occurred and the Utility Event of Default has not been cured within the period specified in Paragraph
9
.
4
,
the
Developer, in its sole discretion, may take any or all of the following actions:
terminate this Agreement by delivering written notice
to the
Utility (Developer Termination Notice)
;
or
proceed in accordance with Paragraph 1
3
(Resolution of Disputes) to protect and enforce its rights and to recover any damages to which it may be entitled, including all costs and expenses reasonably incurred in the exercise of its remedy
;
or
at its election, take such steps as are reasonably necessary to cure the default before so proceeding.
Nature of Rights on Default
:
These rights and remedies shall not be exclusive
,
but, to the extent permitted by law, shall be cumulative and in addition to all other rights and remedies existing at law, in equity or otherwise. The Parties may seek to exercise such rights and remedies only in accordance with the procedures set forth in Paragraph 1
3
(Resolution of Disputes). The Parties may exercise each right and remedy afforded by this
A
greement or by law from time to time and as often as reasonably deemed expedient by the Party exercising this right. No delay by, or omission of,
the
Developer or
the
Utility to exercise any right or remedy arising upon any event of default of the other Party shall impair any such right or remedy or constitute a waiver of such event or an acquiescence thereto.
Notwithstanding the above, the total amount of damages that
the
Developer shall be entitled to for any breach of this Agreement by
the
Utility shall not exceed, in the aggregate, the greater of the actual value of the remaining term of the
A
greement and the fair market value of the payments for
the
Net Energy Output required over the remaining term of this Agreement.
Survival
Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in this Agreement, where applicable
,
the rights and obligations set forth in this Paragraph
9
shall survive the termination of this Agreement.
FORCE MAJEURE
Meaning of Force Majeure
In this Agreement, "Force Majeure" means any event, circumstances, or combination of events or circumstances beyond the reasonable control of a Party that materially and adversely affects the performance by that Party of its obligations or the enjoyment by that Party of its rights under or pursuant to this Agreement, provided that such material and adverse effect has not occurred due to the failure of the Developer or the Utility to design, finance, construct, own, operate or maintain the Project, Interconnection Facilities or the Utility’s Grid as required by this Agreement and in accordance with good utility practice. ”Force Majeure" shall expressly include the following categories of events and circumstances, to the extent that the events or circumstances satisfy the definitional requirements.
10.2 Natural Events
"Force Majeure - Natural" includes, but is not limited to:
Acts of Nature
/God
Epidemic or plagu
e
Other Events of Force Majeure
:
"Force Majeure - Political" includes, but is not limited to:
a
ct of war, invasion, armed con
flict or act of foreign enemy,
blockade, embargo,
revolution, riot, insurrection, civil commotion, act of terrorism, or sabotage;
s
trikes, work to rule, or go slows; and
(1) any of the Relevant Consents not
being granted or renewed (unless previously revoked for cause)
upon application having been duly made, (2) any of the Relevant Consents, having been granted, ceasing to remain in full force and effect (unless revoked for cause), or (3) the attachment to any Relevant Consents, subsequent to its grant, of any terms or co
nditions preventing performance
.
Upon the occurrence of a Force Majeure event or circumstances, the non
performing Party shall, within forty-eight (48) hours, give the other Party written notice describing the particulars of the occurrence. The suspension of performance shall be of no greater scope and of no longer duration than is required by the Force Majeure. The non
performing Party shall use its best efforts to remedy its inability to perform
,
and when the non-performing Party is able to resume performance of its obligations under this Agreement, that Party shall promptly give the other Party written notice to that effect.
Exclusion from Force Majeure
Force Majeure shall expressly not include the following conditions, except to the extent they result from an event or circumstances of Force Majeure:
unavailability, late delivery or changes in cost of plant, machinery, equipment, materials, spare parts, or consumables for the Project;
a delay in the performance of any Contractor;
non-performance resulting from normal wear and tear typically experienced in power generation materials and equipment; and
non-performance caused by, or connected with, the non-performing Party's (a) negligent or intentional acts, errors or omissions, (b) failure to comply with applicable laws, or (c) breach of, or default under, this Agreement.
Consequences of Force Majeure
Neither Party shall be deemed in breach of this Agreement because of any failure or delay in complying with its obligations pursuant to this Agreement due solely to Force Majeure. The periods allowed for performance by the Parties of their obligations (other than that specified in Paragraph
9
.4 (Notice and Cure) shall be extended on a day-for-day basis, provided that
:
(1) no relief shall be granted to the Party claiming Force Majeure pursuant to this Paragraph 10 to the extent that such failure or delay would have occurred even had such Force Majeure not occurred, and (2) the Party not claiming Force Majeure may immediately terminate this Agreement without further obligation, if Force Majeure delays a Party's performance for a period greater than fifteen (15) months. Other than for breaches of this Agreement by the Party not claiming Force Majeure, and without prejudice to the right of the Party claiming Force Majeure to indemnification pursuant to Paragraph 11, the Party not claiming shall not bear any liability for any loss or expense suffered by the Party claiming Force Majeure as a result of a Force Majeure.
During the pendency of an event of Force Majeure
, the
Developer shall not be entitled to receive Energy Payment from
the
Utility
,
except for energy already received by
the
Utility prior to the
e
vent. If Force Majeure affects only part of the Project, then
the
Developer shall be entitled to receive Energy Payment for electrical energy actually delivered to
the
Utility.
INDEMNIFICATION AND LIABILITY
Indemnity by Developer
In addition to the Developer's obligations and the Utility's remedies provided elsewhere in this Agreement, the Developer shall indemnify the Utility for any loss of or damage to property, death or injury to person, and any other liabilities, damages, losses and reasonable costs and expenses, including, but not limited to, legal fees and expert witness fees or any claim against the Utility in respect thereof (collectively, “Damages”) suffered by the Utility as a direct and foreseeable consequence of the Developer's conduct, where the Utility suffered Damages:
d
uring the design, construction, ownership, operation or maintenance of the Project, and Damages result
ing
from any negligent act or omission of
the
Developer
,
its servants or agents, and through no fault of
the
Utility
,
its servants or agents
;
i
n connection with, arising out of, or resulting from any breach of warranty, material misrepresentation by
the
Developer, or non-performance of any term, condition, covenant or obligation to be performed by
the
Developer under this Agreement; and
i
n connection with any claim, proceeding or action brought against
the
Utility under any applicable national or local environmental laws or regulations, and Damages result
ing
from
the
Developer's ownership of the site or operation of the Project
.
T
he
Developer's indemnities, however, shall not extend to any loss, damage, death, injury, liability, costs or expenses (or any claim in respect thereof) to the extent that they were caused by any act or omission of
the
Utility, its servants or agents, or the failure of
the
Utility, its servants or agents, to take reasonable steps in mitigation thereof.
Indemnity by Utility
In addition to the Utility's obligations and the Developer's remedies provided elsewhere in this Agreement, the Utility indemnifies the Developer for Damages suffered by the Developer, where the Developer suffered Damages:
d
uring the design, financing, construction, ownership, operation or maintenance of the Project and its Interconnection Facilities and Damages result
ing
from any negligent act or omission of
the
Utility
,
its servants or agents and through no fault of
the
Developer, its servants or agents; and
i
n connection with, arising out of, or resulting from any breach of warranty, any material misrepresentation by
the
Utility or non-performance of any term, condition, covenant or obligation to be performed by
the
Utility under this Agreement.
The
Utility'
s
indemnities, however, shall not extend to any loss, damage, death, injury, liability, cost or expense (or any claim in respect thereof) to the extent that it was caused by any act or omission of the Developer or the failure of the Developer to take reasonable steps in mitigation thereof.
Notice of Proceedings
Each Party shall promptly notify the other Party as soon as reasonably practicable after the relevant Party becomes aware of any claim or proceeding with respect to which, but for the provisions of Paragraph 11, it is entitled to be indemnified under this paragraph.
Basket Limitation
Neither Party shall be entitled to make any claim under this paragraph until such time as all such claims by the Party exceed [agreed amount] in the aggregate, or until such claim, if not made, would be barred by the statute of limitation, at which time all such claims of that Party may be made. When aggregated claims in excess of [agreed amount] have been made, the same rule shall apply with respect to future claims.
Obligation to Defend
Each Party, on reasonable grounds, shall have the right, but not the obligation, to contest, defend and litigate (and to retain legal advisers of its choice for that purpose) any claim, action, suit or proceeding by any third party brought against it, with respect to which the Party is entitled to be indemnified pursuant to this Paragraph 11, with the Party’s reasonable costs and expenses of such action subject to said indemnity. The indemnifying Party shall be entitled, at its option, to assume and control the defence of such claim, action, suit or proceeding at its expense and through legal advisers of its choice, if it (a) gives notice of its intention to do so to the Party entitled to indemnification, b) acknowledges in writing its obligation to indemnify that Party to the full extent provided by this Paragraph 11, and (c) reimburses that Party for the reasonable costs and expenses previously incurred by it prior to the assumption of such defence by the indemnifying Party. Neither Party shall settle or compromise any claim, action, suit or proceeding in respect of which it is entitled to be indemnified by the other Party without the prior written consent of the indemnifying Party, which consent shall not be unreasonably withheld.
INSURANCE
Insurance Coverage
At all times during the term of this Agreement, each Party shall obtain and maintain, at its own cost, insurance coverage for the facilities relating to the Project within its ownership, sufficient to indemnify that Party or any successful claimant against loss or damage arising with respect to that facility. Such insurance shall include the types of coverage usually maintained in respect of facilities of this kind. Developer's insurance shall include, but not be limited to:
All Risks Marine Cargo Insurance in an amount sufficient to cover the replacement cost of all plant and equipment shipped to and intended to become part of the Project on a
warehouse-to-warehouse
basis
;
All Risks (Property Damage) Operational Insurance in an amount sufficient to cover the replacement cost of the complex, including construction equipment and transit coverage for plant purchased within
___________________
a
nd not subject to the insurance described in Paragraph 1
2
.1.1 above and subject to deductibles of no more than three percent (3%)
of the coverage amount in the case of wind, flood and earthquake and [agreed amount] of the coverage amount in the case of all other perils;
Excess Umbrella Liability Insurance with a single limit of at least [agreed amount] per occurrence
;
Comprehensive or Commercial General Liability Insurance with bodily injury and property damage limits of at least [agreed amount] per occurrence, and in the aggregate, and subject to deductibles of no more than [agreed amount].
The
Utility’s coverage (or self-insurance with
the
Developer’s consent), which consent shall not be unreasonably withheld) shall include, but not be limited to:
[insert desired or negotiated coverages]
.
Endorsements
The Developer shall cause its insurers to amend such of its insurance policies as are applicable with the endorsement terms set forth immediately below:
The
Utility as an additional insured under the policies;
Insurance is primary with respect to the interest of
the
Utility
,
and any other insurance maintained by
the
Utility is excess and not contributory
;
The following Cross Liability Paragraph is made a part of the policy: In the event of claims being made by reason of (a) personal and or bodily injuries suffered by any employee or employees of one insured hereunder for which another insured hereunder is or may be liable, or (b) damage to property belonging to any insured hereunder for which another insured is or may be liable, then this policy shall cover such insured against whom a claim is made or may be made in the same manner as if separate policies have been issued to each insured hereunder, except with respect to the limits of insurance;
Notwithstanding any provision of the policy
,
this policy may not be canceled, renewed or materially changed by the insurer without giving thirty
(
30
)
days
’
prior written notice to
the
Utility. All other terms and conditions of the policy remain unchanged.
Use of Proceeds of Al
l Risks/Operational Insurance
The proceeds of any All Risks insurance obtained pursuant to Paragraphs 12.1.1 and 12.1.2 shall be applied to the repair of the Project.
Certificates of Insuranc
e
Each Party shall, on request, cause its insurers or agents to provide the other Party with certificates of insurance evidencing the insurance policies and endorsements required by this Paragraph 12. Failure to deliver certificates of insurance does not relieve the Party in default of the insurance requirements set forth herein. Failure to obtain the insurance coverage required by this Paragraph 12 shall in no way relieve or limit the Party's obligations and liabilities under other provisions of this Agreement.
Utility Option to Purchase
If the Developer fails to obtain or maintain the policies of insurance as required in Paragraph 12.1, the Utility may obtain equivalent policies of insurance. The Developer shall reimburse the Utility for the cost of such policies within thirty (30) days after notification by the Utility, and interest shall accrue at the default rate if the Developer fails to make payment within such 30 days. Failure of the Utility to obtain the insurance coverage required by this Paragraph 12 shall in no way relieve or limit the Developer's obligations and liabilities under other provisions of this Agreement, provided that the Developer's failure to purchase insurance shall not constitute a default under this Agreement if the Utility purchases insurance pursuant to this paragraph.
RESOLUTION OF DISPUTES
Mutual Discussions
If any dispute or difference of any kind whatsoever (a "Dispute") arises between the Parties in connection with, or arising out of, this Agreement, the Parties, within 30 days, shall attempt to settle such Dispute in the first instance by mutual discussions between the Developer and the Utility.
Arbitration
If the Dispute cannot be settled within 30 days by mutual discussions, then the Dispute shall be finally settled under the provisions of this Paragraph 13.2.
Subject as hereinafter provided, any Dispute arising out of
,
or in connection with, this Agreement and not settled by Paragraph 1
3
.1 may (regardless of the nature of the Dispute) be submitted by either Party to arbitration and finally settled in accordance with
____________________________________
.
Continued Performance. During the pendency of any arbitration
,
(a)
the
Developer shall continue to perform its obligations under this Agreement to, among other things, provide Net Energy Output; (b)
The
Utility shall continue to pay all amounts when due, in accordance with Paragraph
3
(Currency, Payments and Billing); and (c) neither Party shall exercise any other remedies hereunder arising by virtue of the matters in dispute.
NOTICE
All notices to be given or otherwise made to any
P
arty to this Agreement shall be deemed to be sufficient if contained in a written instrument, delivered by hand in person, or by express overnight courier service, or by electronic facsimile transmission (with a copy sent by first class mail, postage prepaid), or by registered or certified mail, return receipt requested, postage prepaid, addressed,
at the
address of the respective
P
arty
.
ENTIRE AGREEMENT; MODIFICATION
This Agreement constitutes the entire
A
greement between the
P
arties relative to the subject matter hereof, and supersedes all proposals, written or oral, and all other communications between the
P
arties relating to the sub
ject matter of this Agreement.
This Agreement may be modified, amended or rescinded only by a written agreement executed by both
P
arties.
WAIVERS
From time to time, the
P
arties
may waive its rights hereunder either generally or with respect to one or more specific transfers or actions that have been proposed, attempted or made
.
No waiver of any breach or default hereunder shall be considered valid unless in writing, and no such waiver shall be deemed a waiver of any subsequent breach or default of the same or similar nature.
SEVERABILITY
The invalidity, illegality or unenforceability of any provision of this Agreement shall in no way affect the validity, legality or enforceability of any other provision.
SUCCESSORS AND ASSIGNS
T
his Agreement shall be binding upon and inure to the benefit of the
P
arties hereto and their respective successors and assigns, subject to the limitations set forth herein.
GOVERNING LAW
This Agreement shall be construed and enforced in accordance with the laws of the [State/Province] of [STATE/PROVINCE].
COUNTERPARTS
This Agreement may be executed in two or more counterparts, each one of which shall be deemed an original, but all of which together shall constitute one and the same instrument.
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, each Party to this Agreement has caused it to be executed at [place of execution] on the date indicated above.
Authorized Signature Authorized Signature
Print Name and Title Print Name and Title
SCHEDULE 1
DEFINED TERMS
"Abandonment" - Either (a) the cessation of substantially all activities relating to the construction or operation and maintenance of the Project, as appropriate, or (b) the physical absence, during a period when the Project is not generating
,
despite adequate renewable energy resources, of substantially all technical employees of
the
Developer and its
C
ontractors from the site of the Project
,
in either case (a) or (b)
,
for at least 168 consecutive hours. This definition does not
apply in cases of
F
orce
M
ajeure
"Commercial Operations Date" - The date on which the Project actually and successfully completes the test operations required
.
"Emergency" - A condition or situation that, in the reasonable opinion of
the
Utility, does materially and adversely, or is likely materially and adversely to (i) affect the ability of
the
Utility to maintain safe, adequate and continuous electrical service to its customers, or (ii) endanger the securit
y of person, plant or equipment
.
"Energy Price" - The price
the
Utility will pay
the
Developer per kWh for Net Energy Output delivered to the Utility’s Grid, as determined in accordance with Schedule 2.
"Force Majeure" - An event or occurrence specified in Paragraph 1
0
(Force Majeure)
.
"Forced Outage" - An immediate full or partial interruption of the generating capability of the Project that is not the result of (i) a request by
the
Utility in accordance with this Agreement, (ii) a Scheduled Outage or (iii) an event
or occurrence of Force Majeure
.
“Government” - The lawful government of the country
in which the Project is located
.
"Interconnection Facilities" - The facilities that interconnect the Project to the Utility’s Grid
.
This includes all of the equipment that measures capacity and energy output from the Project, as well as the associated protection equipment specified in
Schedule 4
.
"Interconnection Point" - The physical point(s) where the Project and the Uti
lity’s Grid are
connected as specified in Schedules 4 (Interconnection) and
6
(Technical Specifications).
"Liquidator" - Person duly appointed by a
c
ourt, members or shareholders of
the
Developer or
the
Utility, or creditors of
the
Developer o
r
the
Utility for the purpose of winding up, respectively,
the
Deve
loper's or
the
Utility's operations
.
"Metering System” - All meters and metering devices or equipment owned by
the
Utility and used to measure the delivery and receipt of dependable capacity and Net Energy Output from the Project.
“
Net Energy Output" - Net energy delivered by
the
Developer for sale to
the
Utility at the agreed Interconnection Point as measured
a
nd the general terms an
d conditions of the
A
greement.
"Operating Committee" - Such persons as appointed by
the
Utility and
the
Developer for the purpose of coordination and implementation of this Agreement and the operations of the Project
,
as set forth in Schedule 7.
"Project" - All facilities on the Developer's side of the Interconnection Point at the facility described in the first
“
Whereas
”
clause of this Agreement that are required to provide the Net Energy Output to the Utility’s Grid and necessary for the Developer to honor its obligation under the terms and conditions of this Agreement.
"Prudent Utility Practice" - The practices generally followed by the electric
u
t
ility industry in
_______________________
with respect to the design, construction, operation, and maintenance of electric generating, transmission, and distribution facilities, including, but not limited to, the engineering, operating, and safety practices generally followed by such
u
tility industries
,
provided that such practices must be relevant and applicable to the management and operation of
the project.
"Relevant Consents" - Any approval, consent, authorization or other requirement that is required from the Government or any public sector entity under the applicable
l
aws of the Government for
the
Developer with respect to the Project.
"Required Commercial Operations Date" - The date by which the Project must successfully complete the required test operations prescribed in Schedule
3
(Testing and Commissioning). That date is agreed to be
[commercial operations deadline for
the
Project]
.
"Scheduled Outage" - A planned full or partial interruption of the Project's generating capability that (i) is not a Forced Outage; (ii) has been scheduled and allowed by
the
Utility in accordance with Paragraph
7
.3.2; and (iii) is for inspection, testing, preventive maintenance, corrective maintenance or improvement of the Project.
“Utility’s Grid”
-
The
Utility’s system of transmission or distribution facilities on
the
Utility's side of the Interconnection Point, through which Net Energy Output of the Project will be distributed by
the
Utility to
the
users of electricity.
SCHEDULE 2
Calculation
o
f Payments
This schedule defines the calculation of the specified payments and other monetary values that may be required by the provisions of this Agreement. In particular, it defines: the calculation of the payments by the Utility to the Developer for Net Energy Output of the Project, including adjustments to the base price during the term of this Agreement; and the calculation of liquidated damages payments. This Schedule 2 is divided into three sections.
The table headings indicate the particular payments and periods to which the calculations and adjustments apply.
Base Price and Adjustments
Payments for Net Energy Output. The base price per kilowatt-hour for Net Energy Output of the Project shall be as shown in the following table. Adjustments to the base price for
the
Utility’s payments for Net Energy Output, if any, shall be made when and on the basis shown in the table. The base unit price, as adjusted (the “Energy Price”), shall be multiplied by the Net Energy Output amount to determine the payments due
the
Developer from
the
Utility for
the
Net Energy Output of the Project.
Table for Payments for Net Energy Output
For Years 1 through X (Illustrative Values)
Component |
Base Price (/kWh) |
Adjustment Basis |
Adjustment Frequency |
Adjustment Base Month |
Base Price (/kWh)
|
2.9 |
|
|
|
Base O&M Charge (BOMC)
|
$2,000 per annum |
2% per annum |
|
|
Fixed Energy Charge (FEC) |
|
|
|
|
Capacity
|
|
|
|
|
Table for Payments for Net Energy Output
For Remainder of Initial Term (Illustrative Values)
Component |
Base Price |
Adjustment Basis |
Adjustment Frequency |
Adjustment Base Month |
Base Price (/kWh)
|
3.1 |
|
|
|
Base O&M Charge (BOMC) |
$2,000 per annum |
2% per annum |
|
|
Fixed Energy Charge (FEC) |
|
|
|
|
Capacity
|
|
|
|
|
Liquidated Damages Calculations
Commercial Operation Delays. Liquidated damages for each calendar month are determined as follows:
Liquidated damages for any failure to meet the Required Commercial Operations Date shall be payable
in
[
Insert
agreed currency] and shall be [Insert agreed daily liquidated damages amount] for each day or part thereof by which the Commercial Operations Date is delayed beyond the Required Commercial Operations Date, for the first 45 days after the Required Commercial Operations Date. For delays in excess of 45 days, liquidated damages shall be [Insert agreed daily liquidated damages amount]
pIus
[Insert adder] for each day or part thereof by which the Commercial Operations Date is delayed beyond 45 days after the Required Commercial Operations Date. The cumulative amount of liquidated damages for failure to meet the Required Operations Date shall not exceed [Insert maxi
mum liquidated damages amount].
If portions of the Project have successfully completed the required test operations
a
nd partial generation is available, then the liquidated damages payments shall be reduced by the percentage of the total number of generating units in the Project that have successfully completed the required test operations prescribed
.
Currency Risk and Other
Currency Risk Adjustment
[Insert provision detailing the negotiated allocation of the risks of changes in the relative values of the currencies used by the Parties in the regular course of business or by suppliers of significant Project inputs.]
Discontinuation of Index
If any index used in this schedule is no longer published or otherwise becomes unavailable, either Party may serve notice on the other Party, and the Parties shall use their best efforts to agree upon a new index within 30 days of the notice being served. No adjustment shall be made until the new index is agreed upon, and, once agreement is reached, adjustments shall be made back to the time the previous index became unavailable, and the amounts owing to either Party included on the next statement due for payment.
SCHEDULE 3
Testing
a
nd Commissioning
This schedule is a technical document that necessarily varies from project to project. It must take account not only of the characteristics of the renewable energy technology being utilised, but also the capabilities and limitations of the Project’s design and equipment. The specific testing steps and the test criteria must be negotiated by the Developer and the Utility, with the specific design, equipment, and operational characteristics of the Project and the Utility’s Grid taken into account.
The Developer shall, at its own expense, carry out the testing and commissioning of the Project and the connecting transmission infrastructure in accordance with the provisions of this Schedule 3, the specifications set out in Schedule 6 (Technical Specifications), and Prudent Utility Practice. The Utility shall be given five (5) days’ prior written notice of any testing or commissioning procedure and the Utility shall be entitled to have representatives present for the purposes of observing any such procedures. If the Utility representatives are unable to attend for any reason, the testing may proceed without them.
Tests Prior
t
o Initial Commercial Operation
(Details to be agreed)
Testing
and
Guarantees
(Details to be agreed)
Testing
o
f Interconnection Facilities
(Details to be agreed)
SCHEDULE 4
Interconnection Facilities
This schedule is a technical document that necessarily varies from project to project and from utility to utility. The Technical Specifications set out in this document must take account of the characteristics of the specific Project being connected to the Grid and of the technical and operating characteristics of the connecting Utility’s Grid.
The specifications set out below are merely illustrative. They are provided to illustrate the nature and scope of matters that would be covered in the Technical Specifications.
Developer’s Interconnection Facilities
The Interconnection Point shall be the Developer side terminals of the 69 kV disconnect switch located on the
t
ransformer side of the 69 kV breaker at the Interconnection
Facility at the
project
site.
The
Developer will design, procure and construct the Interconnection Facilities
,
including all equipment foundations, steel work, manual disconnect switch, grounding system, current and potential transformers in accordance with general requirements for 69 kV substations
,
as approved by
the
Utility.
All overhead lines, towers
,
foundations and other facilities required between the Interconnection Point and
the
Utility’s Substation shall be designed, procured,
constructed and commissioned by
the
Developer at its expense. Each Party shall own, operate and maintain all the facilities on its side of the Interconnection Point.
The
Utility will, at
the
Developer's expense, use its best endeavours to assist the Developer in obtaining all permits, permissions and way leaves necessary in a timely manner (and at a reasonable cost) for the construction of the 69
kV transmission line and all associated switchgear and protective devices, such assistance not to be unreasonably withheld.
Installation of Facilities
The
Developer shall be responsible for installing, at its own expense, all auxiliary
and interconnecting equipment on
the
Developer's side of the Interconnection Point, including
,
but not limited to, the equipment required for the Interconnection Facilities and transmission line connections to the Utility’s Substation. These shall include but not be limited to:
p
ower transformer
,
current
and
potential transformers
,
c
ircuit breaker (to be resolved with completion of design)
,
disconnect switches and grounding system,
b
usbars and/or cable bus and/or interconnecting wiring, all as necessary.
Power Line and Shield Wires:
The m
aximum tension that shall be applied to
the
Utility structure shall be 1,400 kg/phase and 350 kg/shield wire.
Operation
and
Maintenance:
The
Developer shall, at its own expense, operate and maintain interconnecting equipment (as described in
1.2
) on the Developer's side of the
I
nterconnect
ion
P
oint.
The
Developer may not modify or replace the interconnection equipment described in
1.2
above without the prior written consent of
the
Utility.
Interconnection Protection
The
Developer shall coordinate its protection scheme and protective relay settings with
the
Utility, and the protective relay settings shall be subject to
the
Utility
’s
approval. The protection system shall include the following items, all to be provided by
the
Developer:
Pilot wire differential relay, GEC AIsthom type MBCI or approved equal, operating over pilot wires. Pilot wire supervisory shall provide tripping of the 69 kV breakers from the Developer's switchyard relaying;
Three phase and ground over-current relay, GEC AIsthom type KCGG 140 or approved equal; D3.1.3 400:5 ampere current transformers for metering and multi-ratio current transformers for relaying shall be installed in the high voltage b
ushings of the 69
kV transformer
;
DC Intertrip receive relays (2), operating over cable circuits and responding to trip signals from the switchyard rela
ying
;
Over/under voltage relay; and
Over/under frequency relay.
The
Utility'
s
System Protection and Control Department shall approve the final design of
the
Developer’s interconnection protection scheme for the Project and the transmission
facilities connecting the Project to
the
Utility’s Substation.
SCHEDULE 5
METERING
Metering Equipment
and
Accuracies
The Metering System shall be owned, operated and maintained by
the
Utility. The Developer shall design, finance, construct and install the Metering System and shall design, finance, construct, install, own, operate and maintain the Backup Metering System.
The Metering System and the Backup Metering System (each, a "meter" and together, the "meters") shall each meet the following specifications at all times during the term of this Agreement.
The Metering System owned by
the
Utility shall be constructed to accumulate the outputs and/or inputs as measured at the [agreed measurement point] of the Interconnection Facility connecting the Project to the Utility’s Grid.
Each meter shall each consist of its own current and potential transformers, the necessary metering and accumulating devices and the related interconnecting wiring.
The current transformers' secondary winding used for metering purposes shall supply only the metering equipment and its associated wiring. Notwithstanding the foregoing, each current transformer may have other secondary windings that may be used for purposes other than metering.
The potential transformers' secondary winding output may be used for metering and other purposes
,
provided that the total connected burden does not exceed one half of the rated burden capacity of such potential transformer.
All metering and accumulating equipment shall have sufficient accuracy so that any error resulting from such equipment shall not exceed the lesser of + 0.5% of full-scale rating or the equipment manufacturer’s stated maximum tolerable erro
r level (the “Allowable Error”)
.
Both meters shall be constructed with a capability to be read remotely through a communication line. Both Parties shall have the right to read either meter. Both
meters shall have provisions to record the accumulated kilowatt-hours and other parameters as indicated in this Schedule 5 for each demand interval
,
with identification of time and date.
All instrument transformers, meters and accumulating devices shall be tested by the manufacturers with equipment calibrated against primary standards kept in the
country of origin of the equipment. Each
P
arty shall provide copies of the certified test results and applicable correction factors to the other Party prior to installation of such equipment.
Sealing Field Testing
and
Inspection
Both meters and associated instrument transformer boxes shall be sealed by the individual owners at the respective meter. For wiring used only for metering purposes, solid metallic conduit runs shall be used to enclose the wiring connecting the instrument transformers and related accumulating and metering equipment. Any boxes or other devices used to join two or more sections of said conduit shall be securely covered, fastened and sealed with seals approved by
the
Utility. If the wiring used for metering must pass through a panel, panel-board or switchgear structure, it shall be fastened together and cabled as a unit separate and apart from the rest of the wiring.
At its own expense,
the
Developer shall provide any terminal blocks that may be used along the length of the metering conductors within a panel, panel board or switchgear
,
with covers or strips that limit access to the respective connections, and said covers or strips shall be affixed with a seal approved by
the
Utility. When boxes or enclosures
are used to contain metering and accumulating equipment and their associated wiring, said boxes or enclosures shall be sealed with pre-numbered seals approved by
the
Utility.
Seals shall not be broken by anyone except Utility personnel when either meter is to be inspected, tested or adjusted.
The
Utility shall notify
the
Developer in advance of such inspection, testing or adjustment, and
the
Developer shall be allowed to have a representative present.
Before the date that
the
Developer identifies to
the
Utility as the date the Project will be commissioned
,
pursuant to Schedule 3 (Testing and Commissioning), as such date may be revised from time to time based on the scheduled construction program,
the
Utility shall test the Metering System for correct wiring and accuracy, using equipment whose accuracy is equal to or better than that of the individual meters. Individual meter components found to be inaccurate shall be returned by the individual owner to the manufacturers for repair or replacement.
The
Utility shall test both meters within
ten
(
10
)
days after (a) the detection of a difference larger than the Allowable Error in the readings of the meters, (b) the repair of all or part of a meter caused by the failure of one or more parts to operate in accordance with the specifications
,
and (c) each anniversary of the Commercial Operations Date. If any errors in the readings of the meters are discovered by such testing, the
P
arty ow
n
ing that meter shall repair, recalibrate or replace the meter and shall give the other Party reasonable advance notice so that the Party receiving notice may have a representative present during any such corrective activity.
Measurement o
f Net Energy Output
If the Metering System is found to be inaccurate by more than the Allowable Error or to otherwise have functioned improperly during the previous
m
onth, then the correct amount of Net Energy Output for the actual period during which inaccurate measurements, if any, were made shall be determined as follows:
First, the reading of the Backup Metering System shall be utilized to calculate the correct amount of dependable capacity and Net Energy Output, unless a test of such Backup Metering
System, as defined in Paragraph
6
.1, which
may be required by either Party, reveals that the Backup Metering System is inaccurate by more than the Allowable Error or is otherwise func
tioning improperly
If the Backup Metering System is not within the acceptable limits of accuracy or is otherwise functioning improperly, then
the
Developer and
the
Utility shall jointly prepare an estimate of the correct reading on the basis of all available information and such guidelines as may have been agreed to between
the
Developer and
the
Utility at the time the reading is taken.
If
the
Utility and
the
Developer fail to agree upon an estimate for the correct reading, then the matter may be referred by either Party for determination by arbitration
,
pursuant to Paragraph 1
3
(Resolution of Disputes) of this Agreement.
The
Developer shall provide and install appropriate equipment and shall make a continuous recording on appropriate magnetic media or equivalent of the Net Energy Output of the Project prior to the Commercial Operations Date and thereafter. A copy of this recording shall be provided to
the
Developer each time the meters are read.
Parameters and Procedures f
or Meter
Reading
The following parameters shall be read and recorded each month for each demand interval:
Active energy (MWh) OUT
Active energy (MWh) IN
Reactive energy (MVARh) OUT
Reactive energy (MVARh) IN
Active power demand (MW) OUT
Active power demand (MW) IN
Reactive power demand (MVAR) OUT
Reactive power demand (MVAR) IN
The demand interval shall be thirty (30) minutes and shall be set to start at the beginning of the hour. Demands shall be calculated by averaging the respective parameters over the state
d demand interval.
The
Utility shall read the appropriate meter and the demand register shall be reset on the last day of each month at a time to be agreed by the Operating Committee established pursuant to Paragraph
7
.6 (Operating Personnel).
As a backup to the manual records of the demands actually experienced throughout the month, both meters shall be equipped with a memory module of sufficient size which will record the
W
h
and
MVAR
h
produced during each demand interval.
SCHEDULE 6
Technical Specification
s
This schedule is a technical document that necessarily varies from project to project. It must take account not only of the characteristics of the renewable energy technology being utilised, but also the capabilities and limitations of the Project’s design and equipment. Specific equipment specifications (and associated electrical characteristics) and applicable performance standards for that equipment must be agreed upon by the Developer and the Utility with the design, equipment, and operational characteristics of the Project taken into account.
The specifications set out below are merely illustrative. They are provided to illustrate the nature and scope of matters that would be covered in the Technical Specifications.
Description
o
f Supply
The Project shall be nominally 20 MW plus or minus five percent at 69 kV, 50 Hz from [name and location of the Project] and shall be comprised of the following equipment:
One (1) main 25 MVA, OA step-up transformer, wye 13.8/69 kV delta vector grouping, with provisions for grounding. Specification to meet standard ANSI BIL rating, with on-load tap changing capability of plus 5 to minus 10 percent. The on-load tap changer should be 1.25% for each step.
If used, two (2) 69 kV SF6 interrupting device
s
(circuit breaker
s
). The circuit breaker
s
shall be rated for 52 kV, 3 cycle interrupt time, minimum 30 kA interrupting rating 1200 A continuous current rating, 350 kV BIL.
Metering equipment to include PTs, CTs, stands, and KWH/KVAR, KVA/KW meter type as required by
the
Utility.
Two (2) group-operated line disconnect switches with grounding switch accessor
ies
rated 1200 A with insulators and manual operator
s
.
Two (2) structures to use a cross bus to tie to
the
Utility'
s
Grid adjacent 69 kV line.
One (1) set of bushing with required stands for perpendicular transition to an overhead strain bus. Aluminum cable bus may be used.
All required material to include
stranded bare aluminum or AAAC
, aluminum bus (materials for the bus may be stranded bare aluminum), post and strain insulators, connectors, terminations, above and underground copper conductors for grounding, raceways and cabling.
CTs and PTs for line protective relaying with all required steel stands. Line protective relaying includes pilot line differential as primary protection, phase ground overcurrent for backup protection or as required by
the
Utility. Additional relaying, such as voltage and frequency, shall be included.
Installation and coordination with
the
Utility to implement the interconnection.
All civil works shall be designed to meet all local and governing codes.
Fencing to surround the switchyard to protect bystanders. The fence will have all applicable grounding to meet local and governing codes
.
Substation grounding grid.
One (1) set of station class. Type MOV, lightening arresters
.
All the equipment in the Project shall be constructed of new material and shall be designed to last at least twenty (20) years.
Station Capacity
The Project shall be designed to deliver up to 20 MW plus or minus five percent at the Interconnection Point.
Power Supply Characteristics
The
Developer shall furnish the Project design details to
the
Utility when the design is complete.
The circuit breaker
s
(if used) and transformer shall be provided with no load break isolation switches with grounding provisions.
The
Developer shall provide 125V DC batteries, battery chargers and distribution panels.
Fault Levels
The electrical system at the Project substation shall be designed to meet a fault level of 555 MVA (4.83 kA) on the 69 kV system for both three-phase and single line to ground conditions.
Reliability
A high standard of reliability and availability is required from the Project and the individual components.
Operation Requirements
The Project shall be designed so that construction, operation and maintenance should be possible without adversely affecting the operations of
the
Utility.
The Project shall be capable of operating in parallel with the Utility’s Grid.
Design Limits
The
Developer shall have equipment that will allow it to supply its reactive power (MVARS) requirements and simultaneously supply capacity and energy to the Utility’s Grid with a power factor of 0.9 lagging.
The supply shall be able to operate at frequencies between 48 and 51 hertz, provided that
the
Developer has the right to separate from the Utility’s Grid, without any liability to
the
Utility, if a)
the
Developer is required to furnish power to the Utility’s Grid operating at 48 hertz for one second, or b)
w
hen
the
Developer is receiving power from
the
Utility, the frequency falls to 49 hertz.
The voltage at the Interconnection Point shall be maintained at 69 kV, +/- 5%
.
The
Developer shall advise
the
Utility of any operating constraints and limits which may from time to time apply to the Project.
Environmental Requirements
The design, construction and operation of the Project shall comply with all applicable national and local laws and regulations of the relevant Government authorities. The Developer shall provide proof of compliance with these laws and regulations.
Security
The Developer shall, at its own expense, equip the Project with appropriate lighting and security systems.
Safety
The Developer shall comply with all ordinances and regulations regarding safety on the Project, including, but not limited to, Prudent Utility Practice. The Parties agree that Utility personnel entering the plant will adhere to all safety, drug and alcohol constraints that the Developer requires. The Developer will provide safety training and guidelines for Utility personnel with respect to this requirement.
SCHEDULE 7
Operating Committee
Appointment of Committee:
Within
five
(
5
)
days of the date of this Agreement, the Parties shall form an Operating Committee for day-to-day management of the Interchange Agreement. Each Party shall appoint [even number] representatives and an alternate for the Operating Committee. Within
fourteen
(
14
)
days of the date of this Agreement, each Party shall provide to the other Party notice of the appointment of its Operating Committee representatives and their particulars. The first meeting of the
C
ommittee shall be convened no later than
two
(
2
)
weeks after the final appointment. The
C
ommittee shall maintain and adopt an appropriate record of its deliberations, which record shall
,
in the event of a dispute
,
constitute conclusive evidence of the decisions taken in respect of the subject matter therein.
Responsibilities:
The Operating Committee shall be responsible for (a) coordinating the construction schedules of each Part
y’s
portion of the Project, the Interconnection Facilities and any required modifications to the Utility
’s
Grid, and (b) ongoing coordination of areas of mutual interest and concern involving the Project and the Interconnection Facilities. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing duties, the Committee shall
:
c
oordinate the respective programs of the Parties for the construction, commissioning and testing of facilities and equipment, and the resp
ective commissioning procedures
;
d
evelop steps to be taken on the occurrence of any event of Force Majeure, or the shutdown or reduction in capacity for any other reason of the Project or the Interconnection Facilities;
c
oordinate the scheduling of maintenance affecting the operations of the Project;
c
oordinat
e
changes in either the Project or the Interconnection Facilities to effect the operational requirements of
the
Utility’s control of
the
Utility’s Grid;
d
evelop operating procedures, including plans for operating the Project during anticipated types of Emergencies (Paragraph 7.4)
;
a
ddress safety matters affecting the Parties, their
C
ontractors and their respective employees as related to the Project and the Interconnection between t
he Project and the Utility
’s
Grid
;
r
ecommend to the Parties changes regarding the responsibilities of the Operating Committee.
Procedures
The Operating Committee shall only act by unanimous agreement. The Committee shall develop and implement written policies regarding the frequency of meetings and minutes of meetings. The Operating Committee shall not have authority to modify or alter the rights and obligations of the Parties under this Agreement.
Reporting Relationships
The Operating Committee shall report their activities and recommendations to the Parties or others designated by the Parties.